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But just how do you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a very creative manner I like to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. Whatever you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds simple, right
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Of course, this guessing is all done by your computer. The more powerful your computer is, the more supposes you can create in a second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to figure right, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the right guess, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents the moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can affirm it. Its a bit similar to a Rubiks cube: The solution is quite hard to attain but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer which validates your solution updates its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions you opted to include in the cube.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them to you as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the cube youve just entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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So thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the simple fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining part is merely a by-product of the transaction confirmation process. Therefore that the name is somewhat misleading, since the main objective of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for every block, a different miner will suppose the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Of course, that the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed each time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the further mining power the network gets, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining mathematics issue. Therefore that the difficulty of the mining method is actually self-adjusting into the gathered mining capability the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get harder to solve the issue; when many of them fall off, it will get easier. This can be known as mining difficulty.
Now, check out here remember, this is on average. We can have two blocks being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this will even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a sort of arms race to get the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners out there. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only people mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was reduced. Since Bitcoin started to catch on, folks looked for more powerful mining solutions.